Matthew f



` @uitlfets heirat -ffira MATTHEW F, CONNETT, ou LADOGA, INDiANn AssIoNon To HIMSELF,

- 'T. 4c. MAIDEN', AND WILLIAM o. HENDRICKS. p

Letters PatentNm 75,736, dated" March 24, 1868.'

IMPROYEM-ENTAIN WOOD-TURNING LATHES,

TO vALL4 IT 'MAY CONCERN:

. 4Be itknownthat L'MTTHW'F.' CORNET?, of Ladoga, in the county of Montgomery, 'and' State of Indiana, have invented a'1 1'ew,' useful,A and' improved Wood-Turning Lathe; and I do hereby declare the following vto be a. full, clear, and'exaet description .ofthe same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which are `made a part o f this specification. i This invention relates toa'machin'e for turning irregular forms, such as spokes, axe-helves, thc., and-Which Voperates upoirthelsame general principles as the well-linown Blanchard wood-turning lathe, upon whichthe p present machine is designed as en improvement. l

My invention consists Vin the employment of two vibrating lathes or frames, which serve, respectively, to Ihold the pattern and the materialto he" operated upon, and which enable the machine to produ-ce afec-simile of' lthe pattern, both as todimrensions and shape, instead of an article proportionately smaller thanthe pattern, as is necessitated in machines'of this class heretofore invented.

My invention further consists in certain other features, which are hereinafter explicitly described.

Figure 1 isla .plan of a wood-turningmachine illustrating my invention.

Figure 2 is a side elevation thereo I I Figure 3 is an end view of the same.

Figure 4 is a vertical transverse section in the plane indicated bythe line x, fig. 1.

ASi-mlarletters of referenceindicate correspondingparts in the several figures.

.A A -I-nay represent a rectangular frame, supporting the various operating parts of the machine and their several adjuncts. ,B is arotary cutting-device(which I will term thev cntter-head,) whose axial shaft, B, is lmounted in suitable bearings upon the' traversing-carriage C, from the under side of which projects an'internallythreaded collar or lug, (Jl-,in which works 'a lead-screw, D, (see'tigsfl and 4,) whereby the carriage C and cutte-4 v head D are'mov'ed horizontally forth and back uponV the machine. The carriage Gis sustained in proper position by therollers c, which rest and traverse upon the ways V.A1, running lengthwise upon the frame A.

In order to a clear understanding offthe' construction and operationof the cutterhead,' it should be here explained that the'piece of." stud', E, to be turned, while being operated upon, and the pattern F, (see iig. 1,) are 'held at'th'e opposite sides of the lead-screw D, and parallel therewith, so` that,"as the carriage and cutter-head 4 are fed from end-to end of the frame A bysaid screw, the revolving cutters on the head B are broughtinto ction'upon constantly-changing parts of thefrotating piece V.or stui' E. The central' and nishingflrnvesV B1 are y flanked by or situated between two sets of`roughing-cutters, Bz'and B3, respectively. The cutters B1 B2 B3 are all xedto'the same cutter-head, B, or to a compound wheel or head, consisting of three connected disks or y heads, secured to' and rotating with the same axial shaft The-salient cutting-edges of thecutters BZIB3 are l somewhat nearer to the centeofthe cutter-head B than the salient .cnttngedges ofthe cutters Bl, so that, (observing the machine as itlis seen inriigs. 1 and 2,) supposing thelcarsiage C and cutter-head to be moving toward thenrightdiaudA end 'of frame A, it is'manifest that the revolving cutters B3, moving inadvance of the central 'cutters Bl, will serve to remove the supercial roughness fromithe piece E, and be followed, in'their `action upon the latter, by the more projecting finishing central cutters Bl, while the other set of roughingcutters, B2, which follow the cutters IBl B9 in their feed-motion, do not act upon the stuff during this trip of the carriage, in consequence of the previousfremoval, by Bl and B3, of vthat portion of the stu which wouldhave come'within the reach of saidcutters B2. v

l During the return trip iof the carriage C and cutter-head IBthat is to say,'when they are performing their movement towards the left, after having completed their previous movementtowards the right-the'cutters B2 acti in advance of` the central cutters, B1, to remove the rough exterior ofthe stuit' E, (anew piece of which has `been substituted. for that acted-upon by the former feed-Inotion,) and are followed in their action by the central Vnishing-cutters B1, while the cuttersl B3 are idle for the time being, or during this trip ofthe carriage.

V'The cutters Bmey be so constructed as to'- .cut from the edge Atoward the centre, but as the precise construction of the cutters or-'kniv'esis not specially material, and as I propose to modify them to suit the occasion o of their use, the illustration, in connection with the above description of their relative-arrangement, will suiice to enable experts to readily understand this part of the'invention, and apply it to practical operation.

I have described a cutting-device which reduces, by one half, the time required to perform an aggregate amount of work with a wood-turning lathe, as it enables the knives to act lupon the stuff under both motions of the carriage, instead of remainingidle during the return motion, Aas is the case in turning-machines heretofore B5 is a iianged pulley, keyed upon the cutter-shaft B4, and B6 is a belt, communicating motion to the pulley B5 from the drum B7, which rotates with and upon the shaft BB, to which power may be applied, at B9, in e'ustomary manner. A

Gr H are two vibrating lathes or frames, situated at theopposite sides of the cutter-head, and parallel with the screw D. These frames are pivoted to the lower girders of the frame A, and provided with dogs or centres gig and h L, respectively, upon which centres are held the pattern F and s tu' E, as `shown in iig. 1. The frames G H are connected at their ends by the pivoted bars J J, which ca'use the frames to move simultaneously, and insure their exact and steady vibrating motion. v These frames, and their mode of connection, overcome a defect of the Blanchard lathe, namely, the springing of the vibrating frames, in performingsuch'operations as the turning of the butt and shank of a largespoke. i

The dogs gg and h h" are situated atan equal. distance from the'centres or pivots upon which the frames G H vibrate, and said dogs, together wfiththe pattern F and stuff E, also occupy the same horizontal plane as the axialshaft, B4, of tliecutter-hcad P.

I represents crestor friction-point, fixed adjustably'upon the carriage'C. 'The pattern F rests against the curved vconvexfalce of the rest 1,' and, inasmuch as the .latter is immovable when the machine is in oper ationfthe frames G Hare vibrated in conformity with the changesin the contour` or size and shape of the pattern, at the diiferent partsof its length, as the rest I is moved by the carriage from end to 'end of the pattern. The rest I thus causes the stuff E to move away from and toward the axis about which the cutters Bl B2 B3 are revolved, and the pattern andstu' being simultaneously rotated, the stuff is turned by the cutters into anarticle corresponding .with the pattern. Under this arrangement, the pattern and stuff being' held at equal distances from the centres of vibration o f theirrespective frames, the cutters are adapted to produce afac-sm'le of the model or pattern; the turned article corresponds in size as well as shape with the pattern.,

In antecedent machines of this class, of which the Blanchard lathe is a type, the pattern is placed upon the same frame as the material to be turned, and vibrates at a greater distance from the centre of motion than the material, thus necessitating a diminution in the size of the article turned.

The dogs g-t,which'rotate thepattern and piece to be turned, are prolongations of shafts mounted in the upper ends of the frames Gr H, and connected and driven by a train of gear-wheels, K K K K K, which derive motion from the main shaft B8,.through the medium of the belts L M.' vThe journals'of the gear-wheels K have their bearings in one of the bars J, which connect the frames G- H together. In addition to this means of rotating the dogs g hpa-belt, N, is employed, said belt being tightly stretched around pulleys N N', which are keyed to the said dogsl This belt insures the continuous, uniform, and equable rotation of the dogs, yet it acts merely as a correcting adjunct to the gearing K, upon which the duty mainly dev olves.4 The belt N obviates the thumps andjerks of the pattern,l which areidue to the lost motion-caused by thc wearing of the gear, and which, in the machines in common use, cause the timber (at the shank and butt of a spoke, for example,) to bc cut away too much on one side and toolittle on the other.

O is the adjustable back-rest, and Ol O1` are the under rest-levers, which sustain the stuii" E, and prevent the saine lfrom trembling under the action ofthe cuittcrsa- The rests() O O1, being attached to a vibrating stock, O2, which is pivoted at its lower en'd to the hangers GZ, depending from the carriage G, are carried with thellatter in its'feed-motions on the frame. The stock O2 is acted upon by the springs O3 O, which give the'rests O OPOl Va constant tendency toward the cutters, but which yield to allow said rests to conform to the motions of'the stut, produced by the action of the pattern upon the Arest or friction-point I.

40* is a curved arm attached to the stock-O2, and extending backward therefromso as to touch thepattern,

as shown in Hg. 4. ',The pivotal attaching-bolt, o, of the arm O4 is fixed in a slot, o', in the yieldingstock O2,

' said slot running parallel with the adjusting-slot of the back-rest O, in order that the yielding stock O2 may be adjusted so that the rest O will bear against the stuff E with any desired pressure. The pressure of the rest O against the stuff has the eil'ect to minutely increase or dimiuish'the size of the worll', as well as to steady the work under the action of theI cutters.

The patternF has conical enlargements ff formed upon its opposite ends, so that, at the terminus of every movement of the carriage, the contact of these enlargements with the-rest or friction-point I and arm or rest O serves to force back tfhe'framell and stock '02, and hold them at a point sufficiently removed from the cutters to enabletheiturned piece to be taken out, and another'piece put in to be operated upon.

P (see end view fig. 3) is a lever, ,which alfords bearings for a setof reversing cog-wheels, P1, driven by the cog-wheel I, to the shaft of which a rotary motion is imparted, by the belt L, from the main shaft. The vibration of the lever P serves to throw one ofthe cog-wheels, PL, out of gear with the' cog-wheel P3, onr the screw, D, of the carriage, and by a continuation of the 'same motion of theA lever, another-ofl said cogwheels,iP,'is thrown into gear' with P3, thus reversing the motionof the carriage.

v'.llhe customary devices are employed for increasing and diminishing the motion of the operating parts, and forinstantaneously stopping the machine at'any stage of the operation.

To operate the'machine: Power being applied to rotate the shaft B8, the operator grasps the lever P, and draws it tqward the Working side of the machine, until the appropriate wheel, P1, gears with the corresponding wheel, P3, on the screw D. The carriage C will then begin to travel towardl the left, and when it isnear the l terninus of this movement, the carriage actuates the shifting-ba r Q,'Which,mo vcs the lever P, throwing the wheels l?1 Vout of. gear with P3, and stopping the marriage.v The levervPmay be then hooked up o1"y held in any suitnblemanner, whilethe operator takes out the piece which is nished, and pinces anothe'r piece upon the dogs 71, L, tov be operated Upon. The lever P is then pushed backward. until the gearing P" engageswith P?, when the carringe is reversed, and made tolti-awel toward the right-hand end ofthel machine, the cntters'iinis'hing another piece of work as the carriage runs in that direction. v

Having. thus described my invention, what I claim as new herein, and desire to secure by'LettersPatent, is- 1. The two vibrating frames G H, employed, respectively, to hold the pattern and the'mteriwl to he open# ated in or neqrly inthe same plane 'with the axis .of the gutters, and vibrate them :itequel distances from 'the centres of points of vibration of the frames, so as to prodnce aff-zesz'z'nile of the pattern, snhstentiallyvas' 'descrihech i i' v I 2. I1 clei tijeleasing'thelstufE from the backrest and eutters, bymeans ot thexconical enlergementsjff,

i formedupon theend of the pattern E, 'substantially a .s set forth.

, Y 3. The edjustble armor rest O4, in comhintion with .the yielding 4stool: 0 1 and -bac'krest 0,-all :x1-ranged` and operating substantially s described and -represented. y To the above'speeification of my improved wood-turning lathe, rhave signed my hand, this seventh day 'of Qctober, A. D. 1867.

MATTHEW F. ooNNETT. Witnesses:

R. Oseoon, `J. E. BARRETT. 

